标准溶液 编辑

具有准确已知浓度的试剂溶液
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标准溶液,指的是具有准确已知浓度的试剂溶液,在滴定分析中常用滴定剂。在其他的分析方法中用标准溶液绘制工作曲线或作计算标准。

基本信息

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中文名:标准溶液

外文名:stanDArdsolution

含义:准确浓度的溶液

用于:滴定剂

配制方法

编辑

配制方法有两种,一种是直接法,即准确称定量的基准物质,用适当溶剂溶解后定容至容量瓶里。如果试剂符合基准物质的要求 (组成与化学式相符、纯度高、稳定),可以直接配制标准溶液,即准确称出适量的基准物质,溶解后配制在一定体积的容量瓶内。可由下式计算应称取的基准物质的重量W:W=ΜV·基准物质的摩尔质量。式中Μ和V分别为所需配制的溶液的摩尔浓度和体积。利用上式可计算出标准溶液的浓度。;另一种是标定法,很物质不符合基准物质的条件,不适合直接配制标准溶液。即先配制成近似需要的浓度,再用基准物质或用已经被基准物质标定过的标准溶液来进行确定准确浓度。

浓度表示方法

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1.物质的量浓度

滴定分析中表示标准溶液的浓度用物质的量浓度,简称浓度,是指单位体积标准溶液中所含溶质B的物质的量,以符号

表示 。即

本式中,B代表溶质的化学式;

为溶质B的质量,

为溶质B的物质的量,

是溶质B的摩尔质量。

2.滴定度

常规分析中,由于测定对象比较固定,常使用同一标准溶液测定同种物质,因此还使用滴定度表示标准溶液的浓度,简化计算。滴定度是每毫升标准溶液相当于被测物质的质量,以符号

表示,其下标T,B分别表示标准溶液中的溶质,被测物质的化学式。 =

研制单位

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标准溶液有进口标准溶液和国内标准溶液之分,国内的标准溶液有钢研究总院(北京纳克分析仪器有限公司),国家标物中;国外进口的有美国标准局(NIST)和美国加联单位。 其中以美国标准局(NIST)的标准溶液权威性最高,国内标准溶液应与之进行比对溯源后,方可使用

国内无机元素标准溶液一览表

编号

元素符号

浓度

规格

介质

GSBG62001-90

锂Li

1000ppm

50mL

10%HCl

GSBG62002-90

铍Be

1000ppm

50mL

10%HNO3

GSBG62003-90

B

1000ppm

50mL

H2O

GSBG62004-90

Na

1000ppm

50mL

H2O

GSBG62005-90

镁Mg

1000ppm

50mL

5%HCl

GSBG62006-90

铝Al

1000ppm

50mL

10%HCl

GSBG62007-90

硅Si

500ppm

50mL

1%Na2CO3

GSBG62008-90

P

1000ppm

50mL

H2O

GSBG62009-90

磷P

1000ppm

50mL

H2O

GSBG62010-90

S

1000ppm

50mL

H2O

GSBG62011-90

钾K

1000ppm

50mL

H2O

GSBG62012-90

Ca

1000ppm

50mL

5%HCl

GSBG62013-90

钪Sc

1000ppm

50mL

10%HNO3

GSBG62014-90

钛Ti

1000ppm

50mL

10%H2SO4

GSBG62015-90

钒V

1000ppm

50mL

10%H2SO4

GSBG62016-90

钒V

1000ppm

50mL

10%HCl

GSBG62017-90

铬Cr

1000ppm

50mL

10%HCl

GSBG62018-90

Mn

1000ppm

50mL

5%H2SO4

GSBG62019-90

锰Mn

1000ppm

50mL

10%HNO3

GSBG62020-90

铁Fe

1000ppm

50mL

10%HCl

GSBG62021-90

Co

1000ppm

50mL

5%HNO3

GSBG62022-90

镍Ni

1000ppm

50mL

5%HNO3

GSBG62023-90

Cu

1000ppm

50mL

5%H2SO4

GSBG62024-90

铜Cu

1000ppm

50mL

10%HCl

GSBG62025-90

Zn

1000ppm

50mL

10%HCl

WELL-GROUP混标

美国加联提供单标和混标标准溶液,介质都是质、硝酸盐酸

Element元素

Source, Purity, Matrix

Cat. No.编号

Aluminum(铝)

Al metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

Al metal, 99.999%, 2% HCl

WPS-10001-1

WPS-10001-2

Antimony(锑)

Sb metal, 99.999%, 10%HCl

Sb metal, 99.999%, 5% HNO3+Trace HF

WPS-10002-2

WPS-10002-3

Arsenic(砷)

As metal, 99.999%,2% HNO3

As metal, 99.999%, 2% HCl

As2O3 as As,99.999%, 2%HCL

As metal as As,99.999%, 2%NaOH

WPS-10003-1

WPS-10003-2

WPS-10003-6

WPS-10003-7

Barium(钡)

BaCO3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

BaCO3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-10004-1

WPS-10004-2

Beryllium(铍)

Be metal, 99.5%, 2%HNO3

Be metal 99.5%, 2%HCl

WPS-10005-1

WPS-10005-2

Bismuth(铋)

Bi metal, 99.999%, 2%HNO3

Bi metal, 99.999%, 2%HCl

WPS-10006-1

WPS-10006-2

Boron(硼)

H3BO3, 99.99%, H2O

WPS-10007-4

Cadmium(镉)

Cd metal, 99.999%, 2%HNO3

Cd metal, 99.999%, 2%HCl

WPS-10008-1 WPS-10008-2

Calcium(钙)

CaCO3, 99.99+%, 2% HNO3

CaCO3, 99.99+%, 2% HCl

WPS-10009-1

WPS-10009-2

CARBon()

Na2C2O4, 99.9+%, H2O

WPS-100071-4

Cerium(铈)

CeO2, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

CeO2, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100010-1

WPS-100010-2

Cesium(锶)

Cs2CO3, 99.99%, 1% HNO3

Cs2CO3, 99.99%, 1% HCl

WPS-100011-1

WPS-100011-2

Chromium(铬)

Cr metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

Cr metal, 99.999%, 2% HCl

Cr metal as Cr+3,99.999%, 2%HCl

K2Cr2o as Cr,99.998%, H2O

WPS-100012-1

WPS-100012-2

WPS-100012-6

WPS-100012-7

Cobalt(钴)

Co metal, 99.998%, 2% HNO3

Co metal, 99.998%, 2%HCl

WPS-100013-1

WPS-100013-2

Copper(铜)

Cu metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

Cu metal, 99.999%, 2%HCl

WPS-100014-1

WPS-100014-2

Dysprosium(镝)

Dy2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Dy2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100015-1

WPS-100015-2

Erbium(铒)

Er2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Er2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100016-1

WPS-100016-2

Europium(铕)

Eu2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Eu2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100017-1

WPS-100017-2

Gadolinium(钆)

Gd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Gd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100018-1

WPS-100018-2

Gallium(镓)

Ga metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

Ga metal, 99.999%, 2% HCl

WPS-100019-1

WPS-100019-2

Germanium(锗)

(NH4)2 GeF5, 99.99%, 1% HNO3

Ge metal, 99.999%, 5% Oxalic Acid

WPS-100020-1

WPS-100020-5

Gold(金)

Au metal, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100021-2

Hafnium(铪)

Hf metal, 99.9%, 2% HNO3 +0.5%HF

WPS-100022-3

Holmium(钬)

Ho2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Ho2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100023-1

WPS-100023-2

Indium(铟)

In metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

In metal, 99.999%, 2% HCl

WPS-100024-1

WPS-100024-2

Iridium(铱)

(NH4) 3IrCl6, 99.998%,10%HCl,100mL

WPS-100025-2

Iron(铁)

Fe metal, 99.999,2% HNO3

Fe metal, 99.999,2% HCl

WPS-100026-1

WPS-100026-2

Lanthanum(镧)

La2O3, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

La2O3, 99.999%, 2% HCl

WPS-100027-1

WPS-100027-2

Lead(铅)

Pb metal, 99.995%, 2% HNO3

Pb metal, 99.995%, 2% HCl

WPS-100028-1

WPS-100028-2

Lithium(锂)

Li2CO3, 99.995%, 2% HNO3

LiCl, 99.999%, 1% HCl

Li2CO3, 99.5%, 1% HNO3

WPS-100029-1

WPS-100029-2

WPS-100029-6l

Lutetium(镥)

Lu2O3.99.99%, 2% HNO3

Lu2O3.99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100030-1

WPS-100030-2

Magnesium(镁)

Mg metal.99.99%, 2% HNO3

Mg metal.99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100031-1

WPS-100031-2

MAnganese(锰)

Mn metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Mn metal, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100032-1

WPS-100032-2

Mercury(汞)

Hg metal, 99.998%, 2% HNO3

WPS-100033-1

Molybdenum()

Mo metal, 99.999%, 2%HCl

Mo metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3+HF

(NH4) 2 MoO4, 99.999%, H2O

WPS-100034-2

WPS-100034-3

WPS-100034-4

Neodymium(钕)

Nd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Nd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100035-1

WPS-100035-2

Nickel(镍)

Ni metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

Ni metal, 99.999%, 2% HCl

WPS-100036-1

WPS-100036-2

Niobium(铌)

Nb metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HF

WPS-100037-3

Osmium(锇)

(NH4) 2 OsCl6, 99.996%, 10%HCl, 100mL

WPS-100070-2

Palladium()

Pd metal, 99.99%, 5% HNO3

Pd metal, 99.99%, 5% HCl

WPS-100038-1

WPS-100038-2

Phosphorus(磷)

(NH4) H2PO4, 99.95%, 0.05%, HNO3

WPS-100039-1

Platinum(铂)

Pt metal, 99.99%, 5%HCl

WPS-100040-2

Potassium(钾)

KNO3, 99.999%, 1% HNO3

KCl, 99.99%, 1%HCl

WPS-100041-1

WPS-100041-2

Praseodymium()

Pr6O11, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Pr6O11, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100042-1

WPS-100042-2

Rhenium(铼)

Re metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Re metal, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100043-1

WPS-100043-2

Rhodium(铑)

(NH4) 3 RhCl6, 99.99%, 10%HCl,100mL

WPS-100044-2

Rubidium(铷)

RbNO3, 99.95%, 2% HNO3

RbCl, 99.95%, 2%HCl

WPS-100045-1

WPS-100045-2

Ruthenium(钌)

(NH4) 2RuCl6, 99.99%, 10%HCl,100mL

WPS-100046-2

Samarium(钐)

Sm2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Sm2O3, 99.99%,2% HCl

WPS-100047-1

WPS-100047-2

Scandium(钪)

Sc2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Sc2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100048-1

WPS-100048-2

Selenium()

Se metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Se metal, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100049-1

WPS-100049-2

Silicon(硅)

Na2SiO3, 99.99%, H2O

(NH4) 2SiF6, 99.99%H2O

WPS-100050-4

WPS-100050-4F

Silver(银)

Ag metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

WPS-100051-1

Sodium(钠)

NaNO3, 99.99%, 1% HNO3

NaCl, 99.98%, 1%HCl

WPS-100052-1

WPS-100052-2

Strontium

SrCO3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

SrCO3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100053-1

WPS-100053-2

Sulfur(硫)

H2SO4, 99.999%, H2O

WPS-100054-5

Tantalum(钽)

Ta metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HF

WPS-100055-3

Tellurium(碲)

Te metal, 99.99%, 2%HCl

Te metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.2%HF

WPS-100056-2

WPS-100056-3

Terbium(铽)

Tb4O7, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Tb4O7, 99.99%,2% HCl

WPS-100057-1

WPS-100057-2

Thallium(铊)

Ti metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

WPS-100058-1

Thorium(钍)

ThO2, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

ThO2, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100059-1

WPS-100059-2

Thulium(铥)

Tm2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

Tm2O3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100060-1

WPS-100060-2

Tin(锡)

Sn metal, 99.998%, 20%HCl

Sn metal, 99.998%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HF

WPS-100061-2

WPS-100061-3

Titanium(钛)

Ti metal, 99.99%, 20%HCl

Ti metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.1%HF

WPS-100062-2

WPS-100062-3

Tungsten(钨)

W metal, 99.99%, 5% HNO3+0.5%HF

WPS-100063-3

Uranium

U3O8, 99.968%, 2% HNO3

WPS-100064-1

VaNADium(钒)

NH2VO3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3

NH4VO3, 99.99%, 2% HCl

WPS-100065-1

WPS-100065-2

Ytterbium(镱)

Yb2O3, 99.99,2% HNO3

Yb2O3, 99.99,2% HCl

WPS-100066-1

WPS-100066-2

Yttrium(钇)

Y2O3, 99.99,2% HNO3

Y2O3, 99.99,2% HCl

WPS-100067-1

WPS-100067-2

Zinc(锌)

Zn metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3

Zn metal, 99.999%, 2% HCl

WPS-100068-1

WPS-100068-2

Zirconium(锆)

Zr metal, 99.84%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HF

WPS-100069-3